US East Coast businesses reaching out to European partners add 6 hours to their local time. New York law firms working with Frankfurt banks, or Boston biotech companies collaborating with labs in Zurich, rely on this conversion throughout the workday.
Add 6 hours to Eastern to get Central European Time. A 9 AM kickoff in New York is already 3 PM in Berlin. By the time the US East Coast hits mid-afternoon, Europe has gone home.
Twice a year, the conversion shifts briefly. In mid-March, the US springs forward while Europe has not yet, shrinking the gap to 5 hours for two to three weeks. In late October, Europe falls back while the US has not, again compressing the gap to 5 hours for about one week.